Архив метки BRAZIL

Автор:Георгий Николаенко

Society, Innovation and Energy Policy in Brazil

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Society, Innovation and Energy Policy in Brazil

RAIZER LEANDRO

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:

SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE, INNOVATION, ENERGY POLICY, BRAZIL, SOCIO-TECHNICAL NETWORK, CLIMATE CHANGE, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

АННОТАЦИЯ:

The study presents an overview of the Brazilian energy policy in the period 2005-2015, with emphasis on the analysis of the socio-technical network of the energy system. Brazil is among the countries with the highest energy potential, non-renewable or renewable (with one of the greatest potential for wind and solar resources). The study is based on empirical research involving the use of statistical data, analysis of interviews with scientists, businessmen and politicians, analysis of Laws and official documents of the energy sector. Among the results of the research, we highlight the existence of a system with reduced capacity for innovation and a centralized and bureaucratic regulation, which has been unable to increase the supply of demand, presenting a risk of collapse in the medium and long term. Among the factors that explain this trajectory (considering the last decade), the study highlights the presence of a peculiar socio-technical network (Latour and Knorr-Cetina), in which the political-business arena gains predominance, being determinant for the reduction of the transformative potential arising from the emergence of a new model of energy development and its societal consequences. In this context, paradoxically, new technologies and values (sustainability) coexist with technologies and practices of the nineteenth century, with the conservation of an extreme unequal society, with great risks (Beck and Giddens), both for social development and the preservation of natural resources and the ecosystem.

elibrary_30754331_37115304

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Автор:Георгий Николаенко

Pathways to Technological Catching Up: Relationship University – Business Relations in Brazil

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Pathways to Technological Catching Up: Relationship University- Business Relations in Brazil

GUIMARAES SONIA K.

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:

BRAZIL, INNOVATION, TECHNOLOGICAL CATCHING UP, UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY RELATIONS

АННОТАЦИЯ:

Insofar as knowledge and innovation are considered key to economic growth, universities have been called to collaborate with the productive sector in order to contribute to transform scientific knowledge into technological development, aiming at the development of the companies’ innovative capacity. In the case of countries like Brazil, the university-company relationship becomes still more important, due to the companies’ low capacity to absorb the knowledge to produce higher level innovations. The paper presents preliminary results of a research in process that investigates university-firms relationships considering eight Brazilian universities located in the south and southeast regions of the country that are characterized by the presence of technological parks and incubators acknowledged as having satisfactory performance. The preliminary data analysis indicates an increasing number of research groups collaborating with companies, in all fields. However, despite the increase in the numbers of research groups maintaining external interactions, the data suggest that the impact of those relationships on the economic sector innovative performance would be not significant. The article main conclusion is that state incentives through laws and other public measures cannot, by themselves, overcome unfavorable features that are present in society.

elibrary_30754332_74391915

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Автор:Георгий Николаенко

Pathways to Technological Catching Up: Relationship University – Business Relations in Brazil

Подробнее / More

Pathways to Technological Catching Up: Relationship University- Business Relations in Brazil

GUIMARAES SONIA K.

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:

BRAZIL, INNOVATION, TECHNOLOGICAL CATCHING UP, UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY RELATIONS

АННОТАЦИЯ:

Insofar as knowledge and innovation are considered key to economic growth, universities have been called to collaborate with the productive sector in order to contribute to transform scientific knowledge into technological development, aiming at the development of the companies’ innovative capacity. In the case of countries like Brazil, the university-company relationship becomes still more important, due to the companies’ low capacity to absorb the knowledge to produce higher level innovations. The paper presents preliminary results of a research in process that investigates university-firms relationships considering eight Brazilian universities located in the south and southeast regions of the country that are characterized by the presence of technological parks and incubators acknowledged as having satisfactory performance. The preliminary data analysis indicates an increasing number of research groups collaborating with companies, in all fields. However, despite the increase in the numbers of research groups maintaining external interactions, the data suggest that the impact of those relationships on the economic sector innovative performance would be not significant. The article main conclusion is that state incentives through laws and other public measures cannot, by themselves, overcome unfavorable features that are present in society.

elibrary_30754332_74391915

СКАЧАТЬ/DOWNLOAD

Автор:Георгий Николаенко

Society, Innovation and Energy Policy in Brazil

Подробнее / More

Society, Innovation and Energy Policy in Brazil

RAIZER LEANDRO

Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:

SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE, INNOVATION, ENERGY POLICY, BRAZIL, SOCIO-TECHNICAL NETWORK, CLIMATE CHANGE, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

АННОТАЦИЯ:

The study presents an overview of the Brazilian energy policy in the period 2005-2015, with emphasis on the analysis of the socio-technical network of the energy system. Brazil is among the countries with the highest energy potential, non-renewable or renewable (with one of the greatest potential for wind and solar resources). The study is based on empirical research involving the use of statistical data, analysis of interviews with scientists, businessmen and politicians, analysis of Laws and official documents of the energy sector. Among the results of the research, we highlight the existence of a system with reduced capacity for innovation and a centralized and bureaucratic regulation, which has been unable to increase the supply of demand, presenting a risk of collapse in the medium and long term. Among the factors that explain this trajectory (considering the last decade), the study highlights the presence of a peculiar socio-technical network (Latour and Knorr-Cetina), in which the political-business arena gains predominance, being determinant for the reduction of the transformative potential arising from the emergence of a new model of energy development and its societal consequences. In this context, paradoxically, new technologies and values (sustainability) coexist with technologies and practices of the nineteenth century, with the conservation of an extreme unequal society, with great risks (Beck and Giddens), both for social development and the preservation of natural resources and the ecosystem.

elibrary_30754331_37115304

СКАЧАТЬ/DOWNLOAD